PEM electrolyzers have emerged as a promising technology for the sustainable production of hydrogen. These devices utilize a proton exchange membrane (PEM) to split water into its constituent components: oxygen and hydrogen. The PEM acts as a conductive barrier, allowing protons to pass through while blocking the passage of charges. This mechanism

PEM electrolyzer technology has undergone significant progresses in recent years, driven by the growing demand for clean and sustainable energy solutions. These advancements feature improvements in catalyst materials, membrane performance, and system architecture. As a result, PEM electrolyzers are becoming increasingly attractive for various appli